Learning about the various aspects of the transplant procedure provides
autonomy and independence, especially after hospital discharge. The literature review
summarizes current educational strategies and reinforces that nurses' role as
educators is highly relevant in this context.
Article: Prochnon NP, Moreno SEM, Galvão CM, Mendes KDS. Educational strategies for liver transplant candidates and recipients: Integrative literature review. Brazilian Journal of Transplantation, 25(3):e0322, 2022. https://doi.org/10.53855/bjt.v25i3.438_in
Health education actions related to liver transplantation empower patients for self-care
The complexity of liver transplantation encompasses several steps in addition to the surgical procedure itself. The shortage of organ donors and the long waiting list are major obstacles even in the preoperative period. And after the transplant, recipients will need to adapt to a new lifestyle to mitigate and prevent complications, as well as assimilate immunosuppressive therapy, which will be lifelong. In each of these aspects, the clarification of the patient about his condition is a determining factor for better adherence to treatment, effectively contributing to a favorable clinical outcome and significant improvement in quality of life.
Few studies investigate health education offered to patients at any stage of liver transplantation. The absence, in the literature, of synthesis on the proposed theme led researchers from the Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto (Ribeirão Preto School of Nursing), linked to the University of São Paulo, Brazil, to search, together with the main scientific databases, records of health education strategies aimed at transplantation liver disease, aiming to integrate scientific knowledge and professional practice.
In an integrative review published in the Brazilian Journal of Transplantation (v.25 n.3), the authors describe each stage of the work and the methods used, from the elaboration of the guiding question. National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs) and Embase served as sources for the analysis and selection. of relevant articles for the synthesis of knowledge.
In this process, it was noted that most studies include health education strategies for the management and administration of medications, indications for adequate nutrition and information on post-operative treatment.
One of the articles addressed the use of technology in the form of an application prototype (LiveRight Transplant) developed by North American researchers (Lieber et al., 2021). Only one of the studies identified had a pre-transplant focus, which demonstrates the need for further investigation in this area.
The essential role of nurses in the learning and training actions of recipient patients, candidates or living donors is also highlighted. According to the Brazilian Federal Nursing Council (Conselho Federal de Enfermagem/COFEN, 2019), this professional is responsible for planning, coordinating and supervising nursing procedures and planning and implementing actions that optimize organ donation and procurement.
Read more (References):
Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (COFEN). Resolução COFEN nº 611/2019. Normatiza a atuação do Enfermeiro na Captação e Transplante de Órgãos e Tecidos [Internet]. Brasil:
COFEN; 2019. Disponível em: http://www.cofen.gov.br/resolucao-cofen-no-611-2019_72858.html
Lieber SR, Kim HP, Baldelli L., Evon DM, Teal R, Nash R, et al. What liver transplant recipients want in a smartphone intervention to enhance recovery: prototype for the live right transplant app. Liver Transpl. 2021;27(4):584-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.25967
Links
Universidade de São Paulo
Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto
Brazilian Journal of Transplantation
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